Detailed information on bone cancer in children, including Ewing sarcoma and osteogenic sarcoma

The outside of a cast can be made of plaster or fiberglass. Cotton and synthetic materials line the inside of the cast to make it soft and to provide padding around bony areas, such as the wrist or elbow.

Detailed information on clubfoot, including causes, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment, and cast care

Detailed information on the most common congenital and hereditary disorders in children

Congenital limb defects occur when a portion or the entire upper or lower limb fails to form normally when the baby is developing in the uterus.

Hold the top part of the crutch firmly between the chest and the inside of the upper arm. Do not allow the top of the crutch to push up into the armpit. It is possible to damage nerves and blood vessels with constant pressure.

Detailed information on developmental dysplasia of the hip, including causes, symptoms, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment, and cast care

A dislocation occurs when extreme force is put on a ligament, allowing the ends of two connected bones to separate. Ligaments are flexible bands of fibrous tissue that connect various bones and cartilage.

Detailed information on evaluation procedures used to diagnosis orthopaedic disorders in children

Detailed information on Ewing sarcoma, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Femoral anteversion is an inward twisting of the thigh bone. It is typically detected when a child is 4 to 6 years old.

Fractures occur when more force is applied to the bone than the bone can absorb. Bones are weakest when they are twisted.

Glossary of terms relating to orthopedics

Detailed information on the most common growth-related disorders in children

Children and teens are at greater risk for heat-related illnesses for several reasons. They adjust more slowly to changes in air temperature. They also produce more heat with activity and sweat less.

Detailed information on orthopedic disorders in children

Detailed information on the most common types of inflammatory and infectious disorders in children

Detailed information on juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, including cause, symptom, diagnosis, and treatment

Detailed information on kyphosis, including cause, symptom, diagnosis, and treatment

This disease is a temporary condition that causes the hip joint to become painful and stiff.

A spine affected by lordosis has a curve in the vertebrae in the lower back area, giving the child a "swayback" appearance.

Metatarsus adductus is a common foot deformity noted at birth that causes the front half of the foot, or forefoot, to turn inward.

Muscular dystrophy causes the muscles in the body to become very weak. The muscles break down and are replaced with fatty deposits over time.

Nursemaid's elbow occurs when the radius—one of the bones in the forearm—slips out of place from where it normally attaches to the elbow joint.

List of online resources to find additional information on orthopedics

Osgood-Schlatter disease is an overuse condition or injury of the knee that causes pain and swelling below the knee area over the shin bone.

Osteogenesis imperfecta is also known as brittle-bone disease because it is characterized by bones that break easily without a specific cause.

Detailed information on osteomyelitis, including symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Detailed information on osteosarcoma, including causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Detailed information on overuse injuries in children, including jumper's knee, patellar tendonitis, little leaguers' elbow, little leaguers' shoulder, osteochondritis dissecans, Sever's disease, shin splints, Sinding-Larsen-Johansson disease, spondylolisthesis, and spondylolysis

Detailed information on scoliosis, including types, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Detailed information on infectious arthritis, including symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Detailed information on slipped capital femoral epiphysis, including cause, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment

Detailed information on sports injuries in children, including overuse injuries, sprains, strains, and heat-related illnesses

Detailed information on sports safety, including safety gear and equipment

Detailed information on sports injuries in children

Strains, sprains, and bruises make up the majority of sports injuries. Treatment for a strain or sprain depends on the child's age and the extent of the injury.

Tennis elbow is a repetitive stress injury of the elbow that occurs when the muscles and tendons in the elbow area are torn or damaged.

Detailed information on each member of the pediatric orthopedic treatment team

Tibial torsion causes a child's feet to turn inward, or to have what is also known as a "pigeon-toed" appearance.

Detailed information on orthopaedic disorders in children